Major Ripley Allen Arnold

was born in early 1817 or 1818 in Hancock County, Mississippi. His father was Willis Arnold, but his mother is unfortunately unknown. Little is actually known about his youth as his diary and other documents were destroyed by fire after his death while in his granddaughter’s possession. Arnold entered the Military Academy at West Point when he was barely 17 years old on July 1, 1834. He graduated in 1838 and was commissioned in the U.S. Army at the rank of Second Lieutenant. Shortly after graduation, Arnold also renewed a relationship back in Mississippi with his childhood sweetheart, Catherine Bryant. She was 15 years old while Arnold was 21. Catherine’s parents felt she was far too young for such a serious relationship.[1]  Despite how her family felt, Arnold and Catherine eloped and were married on August 29, 1839 in New York City.[2]

Arnold’s military career started with being assigned to the First Dragoons, a cavalry unit on duty in Florida during the Indian War. His work with the unit was recognized and he was promoted to First Lieutenant in 1841. Physically, Arnold was described as being about 6 feet tall, with piercing gray eyes and auburn hair and his physical presence helped to make him a commanding officer. He was also noted as being quick-witted and ingenious. On April 19, 1842, Arnold was promoted to the rank of Captain after his “gallant conduct on the field of battle.” His new rank also came with a new assignment, which put him on frontier duty in Baton Rouge and Fort Jessup in Louisiana. When the U.S. declared war on Mexico in 1846, Arnold came to Texas with General Zachary Taylor (the future 12th President).

Once in Texas, he was reassigned to the Second Dragoons and was under the leadership of Col. William J. Worth. It was under his leadership where Arnold was promoted to the rank of Major for his “gallant and meritorious conduct.” After the end of the Mexican American war in 1848, Arnold was sent to the Hill County of Texas where he established Fort Graham in April 1849. Later that same year, Arnold was ordered to set up another military post on the Trinity River in North Texas in order to protect the land from Indians. He left Fort Graham and headed northeast through rugged and wild country. Once Arnold arrived in the area, he was met by Col. M.T. Johnson, who also had been under Col. Worth’s command during the Mexican American war. Johnson had been asked to aid Arnold in setting up the new Fort as he knew the terrain. In 1849, once the site for the new Fort was established, Col. Johnson and Maj. Arnold decided to name the site Camp Worth after their hero and commander, who was recently deceased. The name would later be upgraded to Fort Worth. 

In the Fall of 1852, Arnold was transferred back to Fort Graham. On Sept. 6, 1853, a dispute rang out between Arnold and Assistant Surgeon Josephus Steiner. Arnold had ordered the surgeon to be arrested, but Steiner put up a fight.[3]  Both drew their weapons, but Arnold was shot dead in the doorway of his living quarters by Steiner. Arnold’s wife was a witness to the incident. He was dead within 15 minutes.[4]  Steiner was later acquitted of any wrongdoing in a civil trial. The surgeon was said to be “insane.”[5]  Sadly, just 11 days after the death of Arnold, Fort Worth was abandoned by the U.S. Army.  

Ripley and Catherine had 5 children, 2 of which would die in childhood. With Ripley’s military career, Catherine and the children spent the winters in Washington, DC where the children attended school. They would then meet up with Ripley in the summers.

 Arnold was buried initially at Fort Graham but was reinterred in Pioneers Rest Cemetery in Fort Worth at his request.[6]  In the early 1900’s, many grew concerned about the condition of his grave as it was overgrown and not marked clearly. In 1903, threats were made by the War Department that if the cemetery did not make better efforts to clean-up the grave site, they would remove Ripley Arnold and take him back to the National Cemetery at Fort Sam Houston.[7] By 1909, May Swayne, President of Pioneers Rest Cemetery began a wide scale campaign to raise funds for a more suitable monument.[8] The monument that stands today is the result of the efforts of many individuals and organizations that gave to the cemetery cause.

In 2014, a statue of Maj. Ripley Arnold was placed at the Panther Island Pavilion in Fort Worth.[9] 

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[1] Thompson, Tommy. “Ripley A. Arnold - Frontier Major.” The Junior Historian, Austin, TX, Volume 9, Number 6, May 1949, Pgs. 1-4. Accessed 28 Sept 2023 ; https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth391369/m1/3/zoom/?q=junior%20historian&resolution=3&lat=3196.9125570472934&lon=1254.1747259313508
[2] “Lt. R.A. Arnold.” New York City, Compiled Marriage Index, 1600s-1800s, 29 Aug 1839. Ancestry.com, Accessed 28 Sept 2023 ; https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/66795:7854?ssrc=pt&tid=16731112&pid=282346326618. 
[3] Thompson, Tommy, 1949, pgs. 3-4.
[4]  “Arnold’s Slaying Raised Storm Over State Rights.” Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Two Star ed., 30 Oct. 1949, p. 124. NewsBank: Access World News – Historical and Current. Accessed 28 Sept 2023.
[5]  "War Department is Inquiring. Wants to Know About the Remains of Late Maj. Arnold." Fort Worth StarTelegram, no. 233, 29 Jan. 1903, p. 5. NewsBank: Access World News – Historical and Current, Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
[6]  Pgs. 3-4, Accessed 28 Sept 2023 ; https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth391369/m1/3/zoom/?q=junior%20historian&resolution=2&lat=3416.8314142479776&lon=1058.8401602839508
[7] "War Department…”, 1903, p.5.
[8] "Plan Monument for Major Arnold in Old Cemetery! Meeting to Discuss Fixing up of Burying Ground." Fort Worth Star-Telegram, vol. XXVII, no. 301, 13 Nov. 1909, p. [1]. NewsBank: Access World News – Historical and Current, Accessed 27 Sept. 2023.
[9]  “Major Ripley Arnold Statue & John V. McMillan Plaza.“ Panther Island Pavilion, Tarrant Regional Water District, N.D. Accessed 28 Sept 2023 ; https://pantherislandpavilion.com/things-to-do/major-ripley-arnold-statue-john-v-mcmillan-plaza/